Melamane X L, Tandlich R, Burgess I E
Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
Water Sci Technol. 2007;56(2):9-16. doi: 10.2166/wst.2007.466.
Wine distillery wastewaters (WDW) are acidic and have a high content of potential organic pollutants. This causes high chemical oxygen demand (COD) values. Polyphenols constitute a significant portion of this COD, and limit the efficiency of biological treatment of WDWs. WDW starting parameters were as follows: pH 3.83, 4,185 mg/l soluble COD (COD(s)) and 674.6 mg/l of phenols. During operation, amendments of CaCO3 and K2HPO4, individually or in combination, were required for buffering the digester. Volatile fatty acid concentrations were < 300 mg/l throughout the study, indicating degradation of organic acids present. Mean COD(s) removal efficiency for the 130 day study was 87%, while the mean polyphenol, removal efficiency was 63%. Addition of 50 mg/l Fe(3+) between days 86 and 92 increased the removal efficiencies of COD(s) to 97% and of polyphenols to 65%. Addition of Co(3+) improved removal efficiencies to 97% for COD(s) and 92% for polyphenols. Optimization of anaerobic treatment was achieved at 30% WDW feed strength. Removal efficiencies of 92% and 84% were recorded at increased feed strength from days 108 to 130. High removal efficiencies of COD(s) and polyphenols after day 82 were attributed to the addition of macronutrients and micronutrients that caused pH stability and thus stimulated microbial activity.
葡萄酒酿造废水（WDW）呈酸性，含有大量潜在有机污染物。这导致化学需氧量（COD）值很高。多酚占该COD的很大一部分，并限制了WDW生物处理的效率。WDW的初始参数如下：pH值为3.83，可溶性COD（COD(s)）为4185毫克/升，酚类为674.6毫克/升。在运行过程中，需要单独或联合添加碳酸钙（CaCO3）和磷酸氢二钾（K2HPO4）来缓冲消化器。在整个研究过程中，挥发性脂肪酸浓度<300毫克/升，表明存在的有机酸被降解。在为期130天的研究中，COD(s)的平均去除效率为87%，而多酚的平均去除效率为63%。在第86天至第92天之间添加50毫克/升的铁离子（Fe(3+)），可将COD(s)的去除效率提高到97%，多酚的去除效率提高到65%。添加钴离子（Co(3+)）可将COD(s)的去除效率提高到97%，多酚的去除效率提高到92%。在WDW进料强度为30%时实现了厌氧处理的优化。在第108天至第130天进料强度增加时，记录到的去除效率分别为92%和84%。第82天后COD(s)和多酚的高去除效率归因于添加了大量营养素和微量营养素，这使得pH值稳定，从而刺激了微生物活性。
