Balodis Iris M, Johnsrude Ingrid S, Olmstead Mary C
Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2007 Nov;31(11):1800-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00482.x. Epub 2007 Sep 11.
The impact of alcohol on implicit, emotional learning is not well understood, partly because family history, drug use, and task demands influence these processes. The conditioned pattern preference (CPP) task provides a more ecologically valid means to investigate implicit cognition in the lab because it has low demand awareness and relies on learning to associate nonverbal cues with reward.
This study examined the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on implicit learning using the CPP task in 83 intoxicated and 69 sober young adults. Information on individual drug use, family history, impulsivity, and alcohol expectancies was also collected.
Alcohol intoxication affected explicit, but not implicit learning on the CPP task. In addition, participants who reported a positive family history of addiction (FH+) or individual recreational drug use did not exhibit a preference for cues previously paired with reward.
Preference formation on the CPP task recruits motivational neurocircuitry, an effect that is unaltered by alcohol. Group differences in implicit emotional learning on this task may represent neurocognitive differences in individuals at risk for addiction.
酒精对内隐情绪学习的影响尚未得到充分理解，部分原因是家族史、药物使用和任务要求会影响这些过程。条件性模式偏好（CPP）任务提供了一种在实验室中研究内隐认知的更具生态效度的方法，因为它对意识的要求较低，并且依赖于学习将非语言线索与奖励联系起来。
本研究使用CPP任务，在83名醉酒的和69名清醒的年轻成年人中，考察了急性酒精中毒对内隐学习的影响。还收集了关于个体药物使用、家族史、冲动性和酒精预期的信息。
酒精中毒影响了CPP任务中的外显学习，但对内隐学习没有影响。此外，报告有阳性成瘾家族史（FH+）或个人使用消遣性药物的参与者，并未表现出对先前与奖励配对的线索的偏好。
CPP任务中的偏好形成涉及动机神经回路，这种效应不受酒精影响。该任务在内隐情绪学习上的组间差异，可能代表了成瘾风险个体的神经认知差异。
