Snyder Andrew M, Maruff Paul, Pietrzak Robert H, Cromer Jennifer R, Snyder Peter J
Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Child Neuropsychol. 2008 May;14(3):211-26. doi: 10.1080/09297040701220005. Epub 2007 May 11.
This study used a novel hidden maze learning test to examine the nature and magnitude of impairment on separable aspects of executive function in 36 children with ADHD. A within-subject analysis of children with ADHD was also conducted to assess cognitive effects of open-label stimulant treatment. Compared to 31 age-matched controls, unmedicated children with ADHD were slower and made significantly more errors that were indicative of relative impairment in prepotent response inhibition and ability to "maintain set" while using simple rules to complete the task. Open-label administration of stimulant medication led to faster and more efficient performance, with children with ADHD making fewer perseverative and rule-break errors than when off medication. This instrument might be useful in monitoring treatment response in specific aspects of executive function and in assisting with dose-titration decisions.
本研究采用一种新型隐藏迷宫学习测试，以检查36名患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童在执行功能可分离方面的损伤性质和程度。还对患有ADHD的儿童进行了受试者内分析，以评估开放标签兴奋剂治疗的认知效果。与31名年龄匹配的对照组相比，未用药的ADHD儿童完成任务的速度较慢，且犯的错误明显更多，这表明在使用简单规则完成任务时，他们在优势反应抑制和“维持定势”能力方面存在相对损伤。开放标签给予兴奋剂药物导致表现更快、更高效，与未用药时相比，患有ADHD的儿童持续性错误和违反规则的错误更少。该工具可能有助于监测执行功能特定方面的治疗反应，并协助做出剂量滴定决策。
