Falkowski Paul G, Oliver Matthew J
Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2007 Oct;5(10):813-9. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1751.
Climate strongly influences the distribution and diversity of animals and plants, but its affect on microbial communities is poorly understood. By using resource competition theory, fundamental physical principles and the fossil record we review how climate selects marine eukaryotic phytoplankton taxa. We suggest that climate determines the equator-to-pole and continent-to-land thermal gradients that provide energy for the wind-driven turbulent mixing in the upper ocean. This mixing, in turn, controls the nutrient fluxes that determine cell size and taxa-level distributions. Understanding this chain of linked processes will allow informed predictions to be made about how phytoplankton communities will change in the future.
气候对动植物的分布和多样性有着强烈影响，但其对微生物群落的影响却鲜为人知。通过运用资源竞争理论、基本物理原理以及化石记录，我们回顾了气候如何选择海洋真核浮游植物类群。我们认为，气候决定了赤道到极地以及大陆到陆地的热梯度，这些热梯度为上层海洋中风驱动的湍流混合提供能量。反过来，这种混合控制着决定细胞大小和类群水平分布的营养物质通量。理解这一系列相互关联的过程，将有助于对浮游植物群落在未来如何变化做出明智的预测。
