Vogelzang P J, Babbel R W, Harnsberger H R
Department of Radiology, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City 84132.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 1991 Dec;12(6):592-612.
In this article we have reviewed the anatomy of the nose and nasal vault, with emphasis on specific features that are imaged with the SSCT. Important areas of the lateral wall anatomy include the OMU and SER, areas that are key to understanding the obstructive patterns of inflammatory sinonasal disease. Lesions that result in these specific obstructive patterns include anatomic variants and other focal pathological lesions, such as polyps. Other types of sinonasal inflammatory disease include sinonasal polyposis and granulomatous and fungal disease. Congenital lesions of the nose may be understood through a knowledge of the relevant developmental anatomy. These lesions include nasal dermoids and epidermoids, cephaloceles, gliomas, and choanal atresia. Important benign masses include antrochoanal polyps, inverting papillomas, angiomatous polyps, JNAs, and osteomas. Benign nasal masses have characteristic features that distinguish them from malignant lesions. Malignant nasal tumors, such as SSCa, esthesioneuroblastoma, and others, are characterized by their more aggressive and destructive behavior.
在本文中，我们回顾了鼻子和鼻穹窿的解剖结构，重点关注了通过螺旋扫描计算机断层摄影（SSCT）成像的特定特征。侧壁解剖结构的重要区域包括嗅裂区（OMU）和筛窦隐窝（SER），这些区域是理解炎性鼻窦疾病阻塞模式的关键。导致这些特定阻塞模式的病变包括解剖变异和其他局灶性病理病变，如息肉。其他类型的鼻窦炎性疾病包括鼻息肉病、肉芽肿性疾病和真菌性疾病。通过了解相关的发育解剖结构，可以理解鼻子的先天性病变。这些病变包括鼻皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿、脑膨出、胶质瘤和后鼻孔闭锁。重要的良性肿物包括上颌窦后鼻孔息肉、内翻性乳头状瘤、血管瘤性息肉、青少年鼻纤维血管瘤（JNAs）和骨瘤。良性鼻肿物具有将它们与恶性病变区分开来的特征。恶性鼻肿瘤，如鳞状细胞癌（SSCa）、嗅神经母细胞瘤等，其特征是具有更强的侵袭性和破坏性。
