南部非洲恶性疟原虫参考分离株对氯喹和乙胺嘧啶的体外敏感性
In vitro sensitivity of southern African reference isolates of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and pyrimethamine.
作者信息
Freese J A, Markus M B, Golenser J
机构信息
Research Institute for Diseases in a Tropical Environment, South African Medical Research Council, Durban.
出版信息
Bull World Health Organ. 1991;69(6):707-12.
The in vitro sensitivity to chloroquine and pyrimethamine of 19 culture-adapted southern African reference isolates of Plasmodium falciparum was determined using a 48-hour assay. Four isolates collected in KwaZulu, Natal, were sensitive to chloroquine, and one of these was sensitive to the drug in vivo. Eight isolates from KwaZulu or Mozambique were resistant to chloroquine in vitro. Six of these isolates were chloroquine-resistant in varying degrees in vivo. Four of five isolates from north-eastern Transvaal and two clinically chloroquine-resistant Malawian isolates were resistant to chloroquine in vitro. A wide range of pyrimethamine susceptibilities was detected (0.01 mumol/l to greater than 3.0 mumol/l), although most isolates were inhibited at 0.1 mumol/l, indicating a low level of resistance. These results confirm the presence of both chloroquine and pyrimethamine resistance in the endemic areas of South Africa. This has serious implications for the prophylaxis and treatment of P. falciparum malaria in South Africa.
采用48小时检测法测定了19株适应培养的南非恶性疟原虫参考分离株对氯喹和乙胺嘧啶的体外敏感性。在夸祖鲁 - 纳塔尔采集的4株分离株对氯喹敏感，其中1株在体内对该药物敏感。来自夸祖鲁或莫桑比克的8株分离株在体外对氯喹耐药。其中6株分离株在体内有不同程度的氯喹抗性。来自德兰士瓦东北部的5株分离株中的4株以及2株临床氯喹耐药的马拉维分离株在体外对氯喹耐药。检测到乙胺嘧啶敏感性范围广泛（0.01μmol / l至大于3.0μmol / l），尽管大多数分离株在0.1μmol / l时受到抑制，表明耐药水平较低。这些结果证实了南非流行地区存在氯喹和乙胺嘧啶耐药性。这对南非恶性疟的预防和治疗具有严重影响。
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