Grossman Michael
City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA.
Adv Health Econ Health Serv Res. 2005;16:15-39.
I discuss economic approaches to the demand for harmfully addictive substances with an emphasis on the role of money prices. First, I examine trends in the real prices and in the prevalence of the use of cigarettes, alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and marijuana in the U.S.A. Then I present estimates of time-series demand functions. Next, I discuss how economists have modified their traditional model of consumer behaviour to incorporate the addictive aspects of illegal substances. I conclude with implications for tax policy and for the lively and contentious debate concerning the legalization of marijuana, cocaine, and heroin.
我讨论了针对有害成瘾性物质需求的经济方法，重点关注货币价格的作用。首先，我研究了美国香烟、酒精、可卡因、海洛因和大麻的实际价格趋势以及使用 prevalence。然后我给出了时间序列需求函数的估计值。接下来，我讨论了经济学家如何修改他们传统的消费者行为模型，以纳入非法物质的成瘾因素。最后，我阐述了对税收政策以及关于大麻、可卡因和海洛因合法化的激烈且有争议的辩论的影响。 （注：原文中“prevalence of the use”这里的“prevalence”翻译为“流行程度”之类更合适，但按照要求不添加解释，直接保留英文单词）
