Kochanska G, Kuczynski L
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
Child Dev. 1991 Dec;62(6):1449-59.
Maternal compliance and noncompliance to child requests, thought to represent an autonomy-granting aspect of socialization, were studied in 24 well mothers and 26 mothers with a history of depression and their 5-year-old children. Mothers continued to retain substantially more power than children in the control process. There were no differences between normal and depressed mothers in the extent to which they granted or denied their children's requests, but the determinants of maternal autonomy granting differed in the 2 groups. Depressed, but not well, mothers' responses to child requests could be predicted from their self-reported mood prior to the interaction and from the concurrent child's behavior. Depressed mothers who reported negative mood and whose children were uncooperative most often denied their requests. Depressed mothers' noncompliance to their children's requests was determined by the quantity rather than quality of their children's behavior: they did not discriminate between skillful and unskillful forms of the children's autonomy expressions.
对24位健康母亲和26位有抑郁症病史的母亲及其5岁孩子进行了研究，探讨母亲对孩子请求的顺从与不顺从，这被认为代表了社会化过程中给予自主权的一个方面。在控制过程中，母亲在很大程度上仍比孩子拥有更多权力。正常母亲和抑郁母亲在答应或拒绝孩子请求的程度上没有差异，但两组母亲给予自主权的决定因素有所不同。抑郁母亲（而非健康母亲）对孩子请求的反应可以根据她们在互动前自我报告的情绪以及当时孩子的行为来预测。报告情绪消极且孩子最不合作的抑郁母亲最常拒绝孩子的请求。抑郁母亲对孩子请求的不顺从取决于孩子行为的数量而非质量：她们没有区分孩子自主表达的巧妙方式和不巧妙方式。
