Wolf Joshua, Daley Andrew J
Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Children's Hospital and The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Paediatr Respir Rev. 2007 Sep;8(3):212-9, quiz 219-20. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2007.07.004. Epub 2007 Sep 6.
'Atypical' lower respiratory tract pathogens often cause a distinct identifiable syndrome in adults, but in children the clinical presentation of atypical, typical and viral pneumonia is less well differentiated. Specific microbiological investigations are usually required, but an understanding of their strengths and weaknesses is necessary to make interpretation possible. This review examines clinical presentation, microbiology and current evidence surrounding diagnostic techniques for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydophila psittaci, Bordetella pertussis and Legionella species. Applying an understanding of the investigations to the diagnosis of pneumonia in children may lead to more appropriate patient management by ensuring that they clarify rather than further obscure the diagnosis.
“非典型”下呼吸道病原体常导致成人出现一种独特的可识别综合征，但在儿童中，非典型、典型和病毒性肺炎的临床表现较难区分。通常需要进行特定的微生物学检查，但了解其优缺点对于进行解读很有必要。本综述探讨了肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、鹦鹉热衣原体、百日咳博德特氏菌和军团菌属的临床表现、微生物学及围绕诊断技术的现有证据。将对这些检查的理解应用于儿童肺炎的诊断，通过确保其能明确而非进一步模糊诊断，可能会带来更恰当的患者管理。
