Pinquier D, Dumesnil C, Galène-Gromez S, Marret S, Marpeau L
Service de pédiatrie néonatale et réanimation, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France.
Gynecol Obstet Fertil. 2007 Oct;35(10):1064-8. doi: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2007.07.034. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
Whooping-cough is one of the rare diseases for which vaccine prevention has been available for many years. However, in spite of good vaccine coverage in the infant, the pertussis infection remains a frequent disease in the teenagers and adults partially immunized. The missing diagnosis of the infection, added to its often clinical banal expression, contributes to support the circulation of Bordetella pertussis and explains the contamination of the young infants in whom the disease remains a true danger as the few declared deaths show it every year. Control of the disease must go through reinforcement of vaccination as a practitioner of booster vaccine in preadolescents, teenagers and adults. Instituted since 1998 in the French vaccine calendar, the 2nd booster in preadolescence between 11-13 years olds or 5th dose of vaccine is not enough carried out and must be encouraged like the installation of another additional vaccine dose for adults and certain professional categories. The protection of infants too young to have received the 3 doses goes through the vaccination of their entourage, family and socio-professional alike. The new recommendations thus preach to begin vaccination in children from the age of 2 months, a reinforcement of the vaccine boosters in preadolescents, in adults likely to become parents and in the medical and paramedical personnel in contact with very young infants.
百日咳是多年来一直有疫苗预防的罕见疾病之一。然而,尽管婴儿疫苗接种覆盖率良好,但百日咳感染在部分免疫的青少年和成年人中仍是一种常见疾病。感染的漏诊,加上其临床表现往往平淡无奇,助长了百日咳博德特氏菌的传播,并解释了年幼儿童的感染情况,正如每年少数公布的死亡病例所示,该疾病对年幼儿童仍然是真正的危险。疾病控制必须通过加强疫苗接种来实现,即对青春期前儿童、青少年和成年人接种加强疫苗。自1998年起列入法国疫苗接种计划的11至13岁青春期前儿童的第二次加强接种或第五剂疫苗接种执行得不够充分,必须像为成年人和某些职业类别增设另一剂额外疫苗一样予以鼓励。对太小而未接种3剂疫苗的婴儿的保护要通过其周围人群(包括家人和社会职业接触者)的接种来实现。因此,新的建议主张从2个月大的儿童开始接种疫苗,加强青春期前儿童、可能成为父母的成年人以及与年幼儿童接触的医护和辅助医护人员的疫苗加强接种。