Oliver Jennifer L, Pashmi Ghazaleh, Barnett Paul, Mettens Pascal, Biemans Ralph, Monteyne Philippe, Palmantier Rémi, Gallagher Timothy, Ramaya Sharn, Wonnacott Susan
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Vaccine. 2007 Oct 16;25(42):7354-62. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.08.019. Epub 2007 Aug 30.
Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) have limited success in smoking cessation. The efficacy of nicotine may be compromised by its main metabolite, cotinine. An anti-cotinine vaccine to remove this antagonism could enhance the efficacy of NRT. We show that cotinine is a weak nicotinic agonist and decreases responses to nicotine, consistent with antagonism through receptor desensitisation. trans-4-Thiol cotinine was coupled to tetanus toxoid, and rats immunised repeatedly. Vaccination raised antibodies specific for cotinine that do not recognise other metabolites or nicotine. Increased serum cotinine concentrations following nicotine administration indicate sequestration of cotinine by antibodies, encouraging further evaluation of this vaccine in behavioural models of nicotine addiction and relapse.
