Ekanem E E, Akitoye C O, Adedeji O T
Department of Community Health, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. 1991 Sep;9(3):219-26.
We investigated food hygiene-related behaviour as well as other risk factors for diarrhoea in children 6-36 months of age in Iwaya community in Lagos, Nigeria. Between April and July 1989, a bi-weekly diarrhoea surveillance was maintained in 672 households. Following the surveillance, 273 (case = 67 and control = 206) families were visited twice, each visit lasting for 3-4 hours. Detailed observations on food hygiene, water sanitation, and sanitary conditions of the home were made. There was no significant association between any of the observed food hygiene behaviours and the occurrence of diarrhoea. The presence of faeces in and around the toilet area (RR = 1.79), habit of defecating and urinating in chamber pots in dwelling units (RR = 1.80), indiscriminate disposal of waste (RR = 2.48), and source of domestic water (RR = 2.94) were the main factors significantly associated with the occurrence of diarrhoea in this community. These findings imply that diarrhoea might be reduced through an education programme which focuses on the proper care, handling and storage of defecation pots and proper disposal of waste.
我们对尼日利亚拉各斯伊瓦亚社区6至36个月大儿童的食品卫生相关行为以及腹泻的其他风险因素进行了调查。1989年4月至7月期间，对672户家庭进行了每两周一次的腹泻监测。监测结束后，对273户家庭（病例 = 67户，对照 = 206户）进行了两次走访，每次走访持续3至4小时。对食品卫生、饮用水卫生和家庭卫生状况进行了详细观察。观察到的任何食品卫生行为与腹泻的发生之间均无显著关联。厕所区域内外有粪便（相对危险度 = 1.79）、在居住单元的便盆中排便和排尿的习惯（相对危险度 = 1.80）、随意丢弃垃圾（相对危险度 = 2.48）以及生活用水来源（相对危险度 = 2.94）是该社区腹泻发生的主要显著相关因素。这些发现表明，通过一项侧重于便盆的正确护理、处理和储存以及垃圾妥善处理的教育计划，腹泻可能会减少。
