Højsted Jette, Sjøgren Per
Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2007 Oct;20(5):451-5. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0b013e3282ef6b18.
To summarize and reflect over primarily recent epidemiological and randomized controlled trials in opioid-treated chronic nonmalignant pain patients, focusing on effects, side effects, risks and long-term consequences of the treatment.
In the western world opioids are increasingly being used for long-term treatment of chronic nonmalignant pain. While the long-term benefits of opioids regarding pain relief, functional capacity and health-related quality of life still remain to be proven, studies are emerging that describe serious long-term consequences such as addiction, opioid-induced hyperalgesia, cognitive disorders, and suppression of the immune and reproductive systems.
Much more research is needed concerning long-time effects and consequences of opioid therapy in chronic nonmalignant pain patients; however, some clear warning signals have been sent out within recent years.
总结并反思近期主要针对接受阿片类药物治疗的慢性非恶性疼痛患者的流行病学研究和随机对照试验，重点关注该治疗的效果、副作用、风险及长期后果。
在西方世界，阿片类药物越来越多地用于慢性非恶性疼痛的长期治疗。虽然阿片类药物在缓解疼痛、功能能力及与健康相关的生活质量方面的长期益处仍有待证实，但已有研究描述了诸如成瘾、阿片类药物诱导的痛觉过敏、认知障碍以及免疫和生殖系统抑制等严重的长期后果。
对于阿片类药物治疗慢性非恶性疼痛患者的长期影响和后果，仍需要更多研究；然而，近年来已经发出了一些明确的警示信号。
