[GABA, a key transmitter for fetal brain maturation].

GABA, the principal inhibitory transmitter excites immature neurons in all animal species studied. This is due to the higher intracellular concentration of chloride at early developmental stages. Excitatory actions of GABA play an important action in brain maturation. Recent observations also suggest an abrupt shift during delivery that exerts a neuro-protective action contributing to reduce the sequels of trauma and anoxic episodes. These observations have important clinical implications in relation to delivery associated insults but also preterm delivery and more generally consumption of agents during gestation.