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希尔-罗伯逊效应:有限种群中弱选择与连锁的进化后果。

The Hill-Robertson effect: evolutionary consequences of weak selection and linkage in finite populations.

作者信息

Comeron J M, Williford A, Kliman R M

机构信息

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Iowa, IA, USA.

出版信息

Heredity (Edinb). 2008 Jan;100(1):19-31. doi: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6801059. Epub 2007 Sep 19.

Abstract

The 'Hill-Robertson (HR) effect' describes that linkage between sites under selection will reduce the overall effectiveness of selection in finite populations. Here we discuss the major concepts associated with the HR effect and present results of computer simulations focusing on the linkage effects generated by multiple sites under weak selection. Most models of linkage and selection forecast differences in effectiveness of selection between chromosomes or chromosomal regions involving a number of genes. The abundance and physical clustering of weakly selected mutations across genomes, however, justify the investigation of HR effects at a very local level and we pay particular attention to linkage effects among selected sites of the same gene. Overall, HR effects caused by weakly selected mutations predict differences in effectiveness of selection between genes that differ in exon-intron structures and across genes. Under this scenario, introns might play an advantageous role reducing intragenic HR effects. Finally, we summarize observations that are consistent with local HR effects in Drosophila, discuss potential consequences on population genetic studies and suggest future lines of research.

摘要

“希尔-罗伯逊(HR)效应”描述了在有限种群中,选择位点之间的连锁会降低选择的总体有效性。在此,我们讨论与HR效应相关的主要概念,并展示针对弱选择下多个位点产生的连锁效应进行计算机模拟的结果。大多数连锁与选择模型预测,涉及多个基因的染色体或染色体区域之间,选择有效性存在差异。然而,基因组中弱选择突变的丰度和物理聚类,使得在非常局部的水平上研究HR效应具有合理性,我们特别关注同一基因选择位点之间的连锁效应。总体而言,由弱选择突变引起的HR效应预测,在外显子-内含子结构不同的基因之间以及不同基因之间,选择有效性存在差异。在这种情况下,内含子可能在降低基因内HR效应方面发挥有利作用。最后,我们总结了与果蝇中局部HR效应一致的观察结果,讨论了对群体遗传学研究的潜在影响,并提出了未来的研究方向。

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