Yue-Qing Xu, Xiao-Mei Shao, Xiang-Bin Kong, Jian Peng, Yun-Long Cai
Key Laboratory of Land Use, Ministry of Land and Resources, China Land Surveying & Planning Institute, Beijing 100035, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2008 Jun;141(1-3):275-86. doi: 10.1007/s10661-007-9894-9. Epub 2007 Sep 19.
Soil erosion is a serious environmental problem in Guizhou Province, which is located in the centre of the karst areas of southwestern China. Unfortunately, Guizhou Province suffers from a lack of financial resources to research, monitor and model soil erosion at large watershed. In order to assess the soil erosion risk, soil erosion modeling at the watershed scale are urgently needed to be undertaken. This study integrated the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) with a Geographic Information System (GIS) to estimate soil loss and identify the risk erosion areas in the Maotiao River watershed, which is a typical rural watershed in Guizhou Province. All factors used in the RUSLE were calculated for the watershed using local data. It was classified into five categories ranging from minimal risk to extreme erosion risk depending on the calculated soil erosion amount. The soil erosion map was linked to land use, elevation and slope maps to explore the relationship between soil erosion and environmental factors and identify the areas of soil erosion risk. The results can be used to advice the local government in prioritizing the areas of immediate erosion mitigation. The integrated approach allows for relatively easy, fast, and cost-effective estimation of spatially distributed soil erosion. It thus indicates that RUSLE-GIS model is a useful and efficient tool for evaluating and mapping soil erosion risk at a large watershed scale in Guizhou Province.
土壤侵蚀是中国西南部喀斯特地区中心地带贵州省的一个严重环境问题。遗憾的是，贵州省缺乏资金用于在大流域开展土壤侵蚀研究、监测和建模。为了评估土壤侵蚀风险，迫切需要开展流域尺度的土壤侵蚀建模。本研究将修正通用土壤流失方程（RUSLE）与地理信息系统（GIS）相结合，以估算猫跳河流域的土壤流失量并识别侵蚀风险区域，猫跳河流域是贵州省一个典型的乡村流域。利用当地数据计算了RUSLE中使用的所有因子在该流域的值。根据计算出的土壤侵蚀量，将其分为从极低风险到极高侵蚀风险的五类。将土壤侵蚀图与土地利用、海拔和坡度图关联起来以探究土壤侵蚀与环境因子之间的关系，并识别土壤侵蚀风险区域。研究结果可用于为当地政府在优先确定立即减轻侵蚀的区域方面提供建议。这种综合方法能够相对轻松、快速且经济高效地估算空间分布土壤侵蚀量。因此表明，RUSLE - GIS模型是评估和绘制贵州省大流域尺度土壤侵蚀风险的一种有用且高效的工具。
