Nephrotic syndrome resulting from focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in a peripheral blood stem cell transplant patient.

We describe the case of a male patient who was diagnosed with acute monoblastic leukemia and received a peripheral stem cell transplantation (PSCT) with peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitors. Because he was in clinical remission with no evidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), immunosuppression was withdrawn, and he developed nephrotic syndrome (NS) months later. A kidney biopsy showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) as part of the GVHD. Soon after the reintroduction of previous immunosuppressive therapy, we observed a complete remission of the NS.