Abderhalden Christoph, Needham Ian, Faust Anna Margarethe, Grywa Diana, Quiblier Ursula, Stefan Harald, Willard Werner
Forschungsstelle Pflege und Pädagogik, Universitäre Psychiatrische Dienste UPD Bern.
Pflege. 2007 Jun;20(3):149-56. doi: 10.1024/1012-5302.20.3.149.
In Austria and Switzerland, nursing diagnoses in psychiatric nursing have been used increasingly over the last few years. To date, few empirical studies on the clinical use of nursing diagnoses in psychiatric nursing have been conducted. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency and content of documented nursing diagnoses and to compare the utilization of nursing diagnoses in Austria and Switzerland. We prospectively registered all documented nursing diagnoses in an unselected sample of 330 patients consecutively discharged from eleven acute (admission) wards in five psychiatric hospitals in Switzerland and Austria. 635 nursing diagnoses were located. 83% of the patients had at least one nursing diagnosis (mean = 2, median = 1). 20% of the nursing diagnoses were documented on admission day and 90% of the diagnoses were formulated using NANDA terminology. The most frequently used categories were coping-related diagnoses, disturbed thought processes, and self care deficits. In comparison to Switzerland, nursing diagnoses are implemented more consequently in Austria. There seem to be differences between the two countries in the application of the diagnostic process. We conclude from the study's results that the application of nursing diagnoses is possible on acute psychiatric wards with a short length of stay of patients. 20 NANDA diagnoses account for a large portion of the care problems of acute psychiatric patients. Local differences in the use of the diagnostic process deserve further examination.
在奥地利和瑞士，过去几年精神科护理中护理诊断的使用越来越频繁。迄今为止，针对精神科护理中护理诊断临床应用的实证研究很少。本研究的目的是检查已记录的护理诊断的频率和内容，并比较奥地利和瑞士护理诊断的使用情况。我们前瞻性地记录了瑞士和奥地利五家精神病医院11个急性（入院）病房连续出院的330例未经过挑选的患者样本中所有已记录的护理诊断。共确定了635项护理诊断。83%的患者至少有一项护理诊断（均值=2，中位数=1）。20%的护理诊断在入院当天记录，90%的诊断使用北美护理诊断协会（NANDA）术语表述。最常用的类别是与应对相关的诊断、思维过程紊乱和自我护理缺陷。与瑞士相比，奥地利对护理诊断的实施更为连贯。两国在诊断过程的应用上似乎存在差异。我们从研究结果得出结论，护理诊断在患者住院时间较短的急性精神科病房是可行的。20项NANDA诊断占急性精神科患者护理问题的很大一部分。诊断过程使用中的地区差异值得进一步研究。
