Talegawkar Sameera A, Johnson Elizabeth J, Carithers Teresa, Taylor Herman A, Bogle Margaret L, Tucker Katherine L
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
J Nutr. 2007 Oct;137(10):2297-303. doi: 10.1093/jn/137.10.2297.
African Americans in the southern United States have a high prevalence of chronic disease. Tocopherol intake and status have been associated with protection against several chronic diseases. Our objectives were, therefore, to examine the association between tocopherol intakes as measured by 2 regional FFQ and their corresponding concentrations in serum and to report on dietary sources of tocopherols in 404 men and women participating in the cross-sectional Diet and Physical Activity Sub-Study of the Jackson Heart Study. A large proportion (49% of men and 66% of women) reported dietary supplement use. Only 5.8% of men and 4.5% of women met the estimated average requirement (EAR) for vitamin E from foods alone, whereas 44.2% men and 49.2% women met it from foods and supplements. Total (diet + supplement) intake of alpha-tocopherol was associated with its corresponding measure in serum. Vitamin E supplement use, sex, serum cholesterol, education, and BMI, but not gamma-tocopherol intakes, were associated with serum gamma-tocopherol. For delta-tocopherol, associated variables included sex and serum cholesterol. The top food sources of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol were snack chips and the top food source of delta-tocopherol was margarine. Despite prevalent vitamin E supplement use, more than one-half of this population did not meet the EAR for alpha-tocopherol intake and very few met it from food alone. Supplement use was associated with higher alpha- but lower gamma-tocopherol concentration in serum. The possible health implications of this difference in relative tocopherol subtypes require further study.
美国南部的非裔美国人慢性病患病率很高。生育酚的摄入量和状态与预防多种慢性病有关。因此，我们的目标是通过2种区域性食物频率问卷（FFQ）来检测生育酚摄入量与其在血清中相应浓度之间的关联，并报告参与杰克逊心脏研究横断面饮食与身体活动子研究的404名男性和女性生育酚的膳食来源。很大一部分人（49%的男性和66%的女性）报告使用膳食补充剂。仅5.8%的男性和4.5%的女性仅从食物中摄入的维生素E达到估计平均需求量（EAR），而44.2%的男性和49.2%的女性从食物和补充剂中摄入的维生素E达到了该需求量。α-生育酚的总摄入量（饮食+补充剂）与其在血清中的相应指标相关。维生素E补充剂的使用、性别、血清胆固醇、教育程度和体重指数（BMI）与血清γ-生育酚有关，但γ-生育酚摄入量与之无关。对于δ-生育酚，相关变量包括性别和血清胆固醇。α-生育酚和γ-生育酚的主要食物来源是薯片，而δ-生育酚的主要食物来源是人造黄油。尽管普遍使用维生素E补充剂，但该人群中超过一半的人未达到α-生育酚摄入量的EAR，只有极少数人仅从食物中达到该摄入量。补充剂的使用与血清中较高的α-生育酚浓度相关，但与较低的γ-生育酚浓度相关。生育酚亚型相对差异的潜在健康影响需要进一步研究。
