Deakin D E, Crosby J M, Moran C G, Chell J
Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, University Hospital, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
Injury. 2007 Nov;38(11):1241-6. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2007.05.023. Epub 2007 Sep 21.
Fractures account for significant morbidity during childhood. Children requiring inpatient management for their fractures represent the most serious injuries. The aim of this study was to identify injury patterns in childhood fractures requiring inpatient management at a regional trauma centre.
Three thousand and forty two consecutive injured children were admitted to our orthopaedic centre over a 4-year period. Data was prospectively collected by independent audit clerks and entered onto a database. Data recorded included type of injury, mechanism of injury and place of injury. This was then used to assess injury patterns and trends.
Upper limb and lower limb fractures accounted for 51% (n=1,565) and 21% (n=637) of all emergency admissions, respectively. Other causes included soft tissue injury, Infections, Polytrauma and Dislocations. Twice as many males were admitted with upper or lower limb fractures compared to females (67% versus 33%) (P<0.001). Males were more likely to be older (P<0.001) compared to females. Distal radial fractures accounted for 60% of upper limb fractures. Distal and midshaft tibial fractures accounted for 52% of lower limb fractures. Sports injuries were responsible for the majority of lower limb fractures with falls accounting for the majority of upper limb fractures. Fracture incidence peaked during summer months.
Males are twice as likely to require inpatient management for fractures as females. Male adolescents are particularly at risk. Distal radial fractures following falls and distal tibial fractures following sports injuries are the most common fractures requiring admission. Identifying ways of minimising risk of these injuries would reduce childhood morbidity.
骨折在儿童时期会导致严重的发病情况。因骨折需要住院治疗的儿童代表着最严重的损伤。本研究的目的是确定在一个地区创伤中心因骨折需要住院治疗的儿童的损伤模式。
在4年期间，连续有3042名受伤儿童被收治到我们的骨科中心。数据由独立的审核员前瞻性收集并录入数据库。记录的数据包括损伤类型、损伤机制和受伤地点。然后用这些数据来评估损伤模式和趋势。
上肢骨折和下肢骨折分别占所有急诊入院病例的51%（n = 1565）和21%（n = 637）。其他原因包括软组织损伤、感染、多发伤和脱位。因上肢或下肢骨折入院的男性人数是女性的两倍（67%对33%）（P<0.001）。与女性相比，男性年龄更大的可能性更高（P<0.001）。桡骨远端骨折占上肢骨折的60%。胫骨远端和中段骨折占下肢骨折的52%。运动损伤是大多数下肢骨折的原因，而跌倒则是大多数上肢骨折的原因。骨折发生率在夏季达到峰值。
男性因骨折需要住院治疗的可能性是女性的两倍。男性青少年尤其危险。跌倒后发生的桡骨远端骨折和运动损伤后发生的胫骨远端骨折是最常见的需要入院治疗的骨折。确定将这些损伤风险降至最低的方法将降低儿童的发病率。
