Lidegaard Øjvind, Svendsen Anne Louise
Gynaecological Clinic 4232, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Mult Scler. 2008 Jan;14(1):67-72. doi: 10.1177/1352458507080469. Epub 2007 Sep 24.
The trigging off agent for multiple sclerosis (MS) is despite intensive epidemiological and biomedical research still unknown. The disease is typically diagnosed in reproductive age and recent findings have suggested that MS could be a sexually transmitted disease.
To assess the influence of different sexual practices in young age on the risk of developing MS, and specifically to explore the possible impact of oral sex and oral sperm exposure on this risk.
National case-control study.
Inclusion: Danish women with a first time MS discharge diagnosis from a neurological department at most 40 years old during the period 1998-2005, and an age and geographically matched control group. The response rate to our postal questionnaires was 75% for cases and 61% for controls. A total of 604/619 completed case/control questionnaires were included in the analysis. Data underwent logistic regression analysis.
We found no difference between women with and without MS for years of schooling, oral herpes infections, genital herpes, blood transfusions, age at sexual debut, age at coital debut, number of sexual partners before and after age 20 years, anal sex, condyloma attack or chlamydia infections. Family disposition with an affected father, mother or sibling, increased the risk of MS 9.1, 6.9 and 4.1 times, respectively. A total of 68% of cases and of 72% of controls had oral sex sometimes or often before their 20th year. Among women entertaining oral sex, 53%, respectively, 54% had experienced oral sperm exposure. Also oral sex after 20 years was similar in women with and without MS.
Neither oral sex in early reproductive age, oral sperm exposure, oral sex after 20 years, sexual debut, nor number of sexual partners had any association to the risk of later developing MS. This study does not support the hypothesis that MS is a sexually transmitted or acquired disease.
尽管进行了深入的流行病学和生物医学研究，但多发性硬化症（MS）的触发因素仍然未知。该疾病通常在育龄期被诊断出来，最近的研究结果表明MS可能是一种性传播疾病。
评估年轻时不同性行为对患MS风险的影响，特别是探讨口交和口腔接触精液对该风险的可能影响。
全国性病例对照研究。
纳入标准：1998年至2005年期间，首次因MS出院诊断来自神经科且年龄最大为40岁的丹麦女性，以及年龄和地理位置匹配的对照组。病例组对我们邮寄问卷的回复率为75%，对照组为61%。共有604/619份完成的病例/对照问卷纳入分析。数据进行逻辑回归分析。
我们发现，患MS和未患MS的女性在受教育年限、口腔疱疹感染、生殖器疱疹、输血、首次性行为年龄、首次性交年龄、20岁前后的性伴侣数量、肛交、尖锐湿疣发作或衣原体感染方面没有差异。父亲、母亲或兄弟姐妹患有MS会使MS风险分别增加9.1倍、6.9倍和4.1倍。共有68%的病例和72%的对照在20岁之前有时或经常进行口交。在进行口交的女性中，分别有53%和54%经历过口腔接触精液。20岁之后进行口交的情况在患MS和未患MS的女性中也相似。
育龄期早期的口交、口腔接触精液、20岁之后的口交、首次性行为以及性伴侣数量与后期患MS的风险均无关联。本研究不支持MS是性传播或后天获得性疾病这一假说。
