Moos R H, Brennan P L, Moos B S
Center for Health Care Evaluation, Department of Veterans Affairs, Palo Alto, CA 94304.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1991 Dec;15(6):948-55.
This prospective study compares alcohol use, functioning, life stressors, social resources, and help-seeking among three groups of older adults: remitted problem drinkers, nonremitted problem drinkers, and nonproblem drinkers. At initial assessment, to-be-remitted problem drinkers had several advantages compared with individuals who would continue to have drinking problems. Specifically, they consumed less alcohol, reported fewer drinking problems, had friends who approved less of drinking, and were more likely to seek help from mental health practitioners. Problem drinkers who remitted improved somewhat over time, but they did not attain the level of functioning or type of life contexts shown by nonproblem drinkers. Time of onset of drinking problems influenced the short-term process of remission: Compared with early-onset individuals, late-onset problem drinkers were more likely to remit over the 1-year interval. The predictors of short-term remission suggested that late-onset problem drinkers may be more reactive to physical health stressors and to social influences than are individuals with more long-standing problems with alcohol.
这项前瞻性研究比较了三组老年人的饮酒情况、功能状况、生活压力源、社会资源和求助行为：已戒酒的问题饮酒者、未戒酒的问题饮酒者和无问题饮酒者。在初次评估时，即将戒酒的问题饮酒者与那些会继续存在饮酒问题的个体相比有几个优势。具体而言，他们饮酒量较少，报告的饮酒问题较少，有不太赞同饮酒的朋友，并且更有可能向心理健康从业者求助。已戒酒的问题饮酒者随着时间的推移有所改善，但他们并未达到无问题饮酒者所表现出的功能水平或生活环境类型。饮酒问题的发病时间影响了短期戒酒过程：与早发个体相比，晚发问题饮酒者在1年期间更有可能戒酒。短期戒酒的预测因素表明，与有更长期酒精问题的个体相比，晚发问题饮酒者可能对身体健康压力源和社会影响更具反应性。
