Giancola Peter R, Parrott Dominic J
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0044, USA.
Aggress Behav. 2008 Mar-Apr;34(2):214-29. doi: 10.1002/ab.20235.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of a modified version of the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) as a measure of direct physical aggression. Hypotheses were generated from recent theory pertinent to the categorization and measurement of aggressive behavior as well as widely supported effects of alcohol intoxication and gender on aggression. Participants were 328 (163 men and 165 women) healthy social drinkers between 21 and 35 years of age who completed self-report personality inventories designed to assess one's propensity toward direct physical aggression, verbal aggression, trait anger, and hostility. Following the consumption of either an alcohol or a placebo beverage, participants were tested on the TAP, in which mild electric shocks were received from, and administered to, a fictitious opponent during a competitive task. Direct physical aggression was operationalized as the shock intensities (i.e., first trial shock intensity, mean shock intensity, proportion of highest shock) administered to the fictitious opponent. Although all self-report measures were significantly associated with the three TAP indices, the associations involving physical aggression were strongest. In addition, self-report measures of physical aggression consistently predicted higher levels of aggression on the TAP indices in men, compared with women, and in intoxicated, relative to sober, participants. Taken as a whole, this pattern of findings provides further evidence for the validity of the TAP as a measure of direct physical aggression for men and women.
本研究的目的是评估泰勒攻击范式（TAP）的一个修改版本作为直接身体攻击测量方法的有效性。研究假设源自近期与攻击行为的分类和测量相关的理论，以及酒精中毒和性别对攻击行为产生的广泛支持的影响。参与者为328名年龄在21岁至35岁之间的健康社交饮酒者（163名男性和165名女性），他们完成了旨在评估一个人直接身体攻击、言语攻击、特质愤怒和敌意倾向的自我报告人格量表。在饮用酒精饮料或安慰剂饮料后，参与者接受了TAP测试，即在一项竞争性任务中，他们会从一个虚构对手那里接受并向其施加轻度电击。直接身体攻击通过向虚构对手施加的电击强度（即首次试验电击强度、平均电击强度、最高电击比例）来衡量。虽然所有自我报告测量都与TAP的三个指标显著相关，但与身体攻击相关的关联最为强烈。此外，与女性相比，男性以及与清醒参与者相比，饮酒参与者的身体攻击自我报告测量始终预测出在TAP指标上有更高水平的攻击行为。总体而言，这一研究结果模式为TAP作为男性和女性直接身体攻击测量方法的有效性提供了进一步证据。
