Peters Helga H, Rogers Lesley J
School of Biological, Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Centre for Neuroscience and Animal Behaviour, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
Am J Primatol. 2008 Mar;70(3):261-70. doi: 10.1002/ajp.20483.
Limited data are available on hemispheric lateralization in wild orang-utans. There has been only one previous investigation of limb preferences in wild orang-utans [Yeager, 1991]. We examined the lateralization of limb use in wild Bornean orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus) with the aim of providing more insight into possible hemispheric specialization in wild nonhuman primates. Here, we report in detail on limb use and preference during arboreal locomotion between trees (N=6) and on feeding involving one limb (N=8) and two limbs (N=6). We distinguished between locomotion between overlapping trees (Type I) and locomotion involving gap crossing (Types II and III). For locomotion Type I, the six orang-utans showed no leading hand preference, however for locomotion Types II and III, all six showed significant right-hand preferences. All eight orang-utans showed individual hand preferences for reaching for food, but no significant group bias was found. Limb preferences for feeding involving two limbs (hand-hand or hand-foot) differed between juveniles (right hand-right foot), adult females (left hand-right hand) and adult males (right hand-left hand). Although not present for all tasks, the results indicate that orang-utans do show evidence of hemispheric specialization, but the use of the hands is not under a strong lateralized hemispheric control and is adaptable.
关于野生猩猩半球侧化的可用数据有限。此前仅有一项针对野生猩猩肢体偏好的研究[耶格尔，1991年]。我们研究了野生婆罗洲猩猩（婆罗洲侏儒猩猩）的肢体使用侧化情况，目的是更深入了解野生非人类灵长类动物可能存在的半球特化现象。在此，我们详细报告了在树木间树栖移动（N = 6）以及单肢取食（N = 8）和双肢取食（N = 6）过程中的肢体使用和偏好情况。我们区分了在重叠树木间的移动（I型）和涉及跨越间隙的移动（II型和III型）。对于I型移动，六只猩猩没有明显的主导手偏好，然而对于II型和III型移动，所有六只都表现出显著的右手偏好。所有八只猩猩在伸手取食时都表现出个体的手偏好，但未发现明显的群体偏向。涉及双肢（手 - 手或手 - 脚）取食的肢体偏好，在幼年猩猩（右手 - 右脚）、成年雌性（左手 - 右手）和成年雄性（右手 - 左手）之间存在差异。尽管并非所有任务都呈现出这种情况，但结果表明猩猩确实表现出半球特化的证据，不过手的使用并非受到强烈的半球侧化控制，而是具有适应性。
