Wong T L, Thom K, Nicol C, Heffernan H, MacDiarmid S
Food Safety Programme, Christchurch Science Centre, Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR), Christchurch, New Zealand.
J Appl Microbiol. 2007 Oct;103(4):803-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03303.x.
To survey the prevalence of Salmonella in imported and domestic pet chews for assessing their potential in introducing novel pathogenic and antimicrobial resistant Salmonella serotype clones into New Zealand, and as vehicles of salmonellosis in the domestic home environment.
Three hundred samples, each of imported and domestic pet chews, were examined bacteriologically for the presence of Salmonella. Salmonella cells in the pre-enrichment culture were concentrated by using Dynabeads, and then selective enrichment and plating were performed by a method described in the Bacteriological and Analytical Manual, USFDA. Salmonella was isolated from 16 (5.3%) of the imported and 20 (6.7%) of the domestic pet chews, but the prevalences of Salmonella in imported and domestic products were not significantly different. All Salmonella isolates were serotyped and genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and antimicrobial susceptibility determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute disc diffusion methods. Salmonella Borreze has never been recorded earlier in New Zealand and was detected from Australian raw hide. Three isolates of Salmonella London were resistant to ampicillin and gentamicin, and two isolates of Salmonella Infantis were resistant to nalidixic acid, one of which was also resistant to streptomycin.
Novel pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella are being introduced into New Zealand through the import of pet chews. This indicates that pet chews are a potential source of exposure to Salmonella in the domestic home environment.
Contaminated pet chews are potential sources of Salmonella infection for domestic pets, and humans are at risk of exposure either directly by contact through handling or inadvertently by cross-contamination of food or food-contact surfaces in home environments.
调查进口和国产宠物咀嚼物中沙门氏菌的流行情况，以评估其在将新型致病和耐抗菌药物的沙门氏菌血清型克隆引入新西兰方面的可能性，以及作为家庭环境中沙门氏菌病传播媒介的可能性。
对300份进口和国产宠物咀嚼物样本进行细菌学检测，以确定是否存在沙门氏菌。预增菌培养物中的沙门氏菌细胞通过使用磁珠进行浓缩，然后按照美国食品药品监督管理局《细菌学与分析手册》中描述的方法进行选择性增菌和接种。从16份（5.3%）进口宠物咀嚼物和20份（6.7%）国产宠物咀嚼物中分离出沙门氏菌，但进口和国产产品中沙门氏菌的流行率无显著差异。所有沙门氏菌分离株均通过脉冲场凝胶电泳进行血清分型和基因分型，并采用临床和实验室标准协会纸片扩散法测定抗菌药物敏感性。此前在新西兰从未记录过的博雷兹沙门氏菌从澳大利亚生皮中检出。3株伦敦沙门氏菌分离株对氨苄西林和庆大霉素耐药，2株婴儿沙门氏菌分离株对萘啶酸耐药，其中1株还对链霉素耐药。
通过进口宠物咀嚼物，新型致病和耐抗菌药物的沙门氏菌正在被引入新西兰。这表明宠物咀嚼物是家庭环境中沙门氏菌暴露的潜在来源。
受污染的宠物咀嚼物是家宠沙门氏菌感染的潜在来源，人类有通过直接接触（如处理时接触）或在家居环境中因食物或食品接触表面的交叉污染而无意中暴露的风险。
