Kulik Niina, Trapido Marina, Goi Anna, Veressinina Yelena, Munter Rein
Department of Chemical Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
Chemosphere. 2008 Feb;70(8):1525-31. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.08.026. Epub 2007 Sep 25.
Three wastewater samples from a pharmaceutical plant formulating medical ointments were subjected to lab-scale treatment by a Fenton-like system in combination with lime coagulation. All samples were plant pre-treated by adsorption/flocculation/filtration processes with utilization of bentonite, but the quality of effluents did not comply with the regulations for wastewater discharged to local sewerage. The optimization of Fenton-like oxidation demonstrated the highest process efficacy at H(2)O(2)/COD weight ratio of 2:1, H(2)O(2)/Fe(2+) molar ratio of 10:1 and 2h of treatment time. The fast pH decrease to acidic values approximately 3 during first min of oxidation for all effluents suggested that pH adjustment was unnecessary. Combination of Fe(III) precipitation and lime coagulation proved feasible to improve considerably COD and residual iron concentration reduction in pharmaceutical effluents. Additionally, considerable BOD(7) reduction and BOD(7)/COD ratio improvement of pharmaceutical wastewater samples was achieved by combined treatment. The application of Fenton-like oxidation with subsequent iron (III)/lime coagulation did not only enhance the quality of pharmaceutical effluents with different chemical characteristics and help to meet the requirements for wastewater discharged to sewage, but also improve the biodegradability of pharmaceutical effluents.
对一家生产医用软膏的制药厂的三个废水样本进行了实验室规模的类芬顿系统结合石灰混凝处理。所有样本都先用膨润土通过吸附/絮凝/过滤工艺进行了预处理，但出水水质不符合排放到当地污水管道的废水规定。类芬顿氧化的优化表明，在H₂O₂/COD重量比为2:1、H₂O₂/Fe²⁺摩尔比为10:1以及处理时间为2小时的条件下，该工艺效率最高。所有废水在氧化的第一分钟内pH值迅速降至约3的酸性值，这表明无需进行pH调节。事实证明，将Fe(III)沉淀与石灰混凝相结合，可大幅提高制药废水的化学需氧量（COD）去除率和残余铁浓度的降低率。此外，联合处理还使制药废水样本的生化需氧量（BOD₇）大幅降低，BOD₇/COD比值提高。应用类芬顿氧化并随后进行铁（III）/石灰混凝，不仅提高了具有不同化学特性的制药废水的水质，有助于满足排放到污水中的废水要求，还提高了制药废水的生物降解性。
