Bonanno George A, Galea Sandro, Bucciarelli Angela, Vlahov David
Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2007 Oct;75(5):671-82. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.75.5.671.
A growing body of evidence suggests that most adults exposed to potentially traumatic events are resilient. However, research on the factors that may promote or deter adult resilience has been limited. This study examined patterns of association between resilience and various sociocontextual factors. The authors used data from a random-digit-dial phone survey (N = 2,752) conducted in the New York City area after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack. Resilience was defined as having 1 or 0 posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and as being associated with low levels of depression and substance use. Multivariate analyses indicated that the prevalence of resilience was uniquely predicted by participant gender, age, race/ethnicity, education, level of trauma exposure, income change, social support, frequency of chronic disease, and recent and past life stressors. Implications for future research and intervention are discussed.
越来越多的证据表明，大多数经历过潜在创伤性事件的成年人具有恢复力。然而，关于可能促进或阻碍成年人恢复力的因素的研究一直有限。本研究考察了恢复力与各种社会背景因素之间的关联模式。作者使用了2001年9月11日恐怖袭击后在纽约市地区进行的随机数字拨号电话调查（N = 2752）的数据。恢复力被定义为有1种或0种创伤后应激障碍症状，且与低水平的抑郁和物质使用相关。多变量分析表明，恢复力的患病率由参与者的性别、年龄、种族/民族、教育程度、创伤暴露水平、收入变化、社会支持、慢性病频率以及近期和过去的生活压力源唯一预测。文中讨论了对未来研究和干预的启示。
