Jones Sherry Everett, Axelrad Robert, Wattigney Wendy A
Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS-K33, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
J Sch Health. 2007 Oct;77(8):544-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2007.00234.x.
As society continues to focus on the importance of academic achievement, the physical environment of schools should be addressed as 1 of the critical factors that influence academic outcomes. The School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS) 2006 provides, for the first time, a comprehensive look at the extent to which schools have health-promoting physical school environment policies and programs.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducts the SHPPS every 6 years. In 2006, computer-assisted telephone interviews or self-administered mail questionnaires were completed by state education agency personnel in all 50 states and the District of Columbia and among a nationally representative sample of school districts (n=424). Computer-assisted personal interviews were conducted with personnel in a nationally representative sample of elementary, middle, and high schools (n=992).
One third (35.4%) of districts and 51.4% of schools had an indoor air quality management program; 35.3% of districts had a school bus engine-idling reduction program; most districts and schools had a policy or plan for how to use, label, store, dispose of, and reduce the use of hazardous materials; 24.5% of states required districts or schools to follow an integrated pest management program; and 13.4% of districts had a policy to include green design when building new school buildings or renovating existing buildings.
SHPPS 2006 results can guide education and health agency actions in developing and implementing evidence-based tools, policies, programs, and interventions to ensure a safe and healthy physical school environment.
随着社会持续关注学业成绩的重要性,学校的物质环境应作为影响学业成果的关键因素之一加以探讨。2006年的《学校健康政策与项目研究》(SHPPS)首次全面审视了学校在多大程度上拥有促进健康的物质学校环境政策与项目。
疾病控制与预防中心每6年开展一次SHPPS。2006年,全美50个州和哥伦比亚特区的州教育机构人员以及一个具有全国代表性的学区样本(n = 424)完成了计算机辅助电话访谈或自行填写的邮寄问卷。对一个具有全国代表性的小学、初中和高中样本(n = 992)的人员进行了计算机辅助个人访谈。
三分之一(35.4%)的学区和51.4%的学校设有室内空气质量管理制度;35.3%的学区设有校车发动机空转减少计划;大多数学区和学校有关于如何使用、标注、储存、处置和减少有害物质使用的政策或计划;24.5%的州要求学区或学校遵循综合虫害管理计划;13.4%的学区有政策要求在新建学校建筑或翻修现有建筑时采用绿色设计。
2006年SHPPS的结果可指导教育和卫生机构制定和实施基于证据的工具、政策、项目及干预措施,以确保学校拥有安全健康的物质环境。