Maly Monica R, Costigan Patrick A, Olney Sandra J
Elborn College, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2007 Oct;62(10):1142-6. doi: 10.1093/gerona/62.10.1142.
Self-efficacy is a determinant of walking performance in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. We examined whether self-efficacy mediated the effect of age, psychosocial, impairment, and mechanical factors on walking performance.
Fifty-four participants with knee osteoarthritis completed the Six Minute Walk test and Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale. Independent variables reflected age, psychosocial (depressive symptoms), impairment (pain, stiffness), and mechanical (strength, obesity) factors.
Self-efficacy fully mediated the effect of age and impairments on walking. The effects of strength were only partially mediated by self-efficacy. Depressive symptoms and obesity were not mediated by self-efficacy.
These findings are consistent with Social Cognitive Theory, according to which age may alter outcome expectations, and impairments like pain and stiffness provide negative physiological feedback to influence performance. Mechanical factors like strength and obesity may better represent a person's capabilities and interact with other variables to influence physical performance in older adults with knee osteoarthritis.
自我效能感是老年膝骨关节炎患者步行能力的一个决定因素。我们研究了自我效能感是否介导了年龄、心理社会因素、功能障碍和力学因素对步行能力的影响。
54名膝骨关节炎患者完成了6分钟步行测试和关节炎自我效能量表。自变量反映年龄、心理社会因素（抑郁症状）、功能障碍（疼痛、僵硬）和力学因素（力量、肥胖）。
自我效能感完全介导了年龄和功能障碍对步行的影响。力量的影响仅部分由自我效能感介导。抑郁症状和肥胖未由自我效能感介导。
这些发现与社会认知理论一致，根据该理论，年龄可能改变结果期望，而疼痛和僵硬等功能障碍会提供负面生理反馈以影响表现。力量和肥胖等力学因素可能更好地代表一个人的能力，并与其他变量相互作用，以影响老年膝骨关节炎患者的身体表现。
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