Naka M, Minami K
Department of Education, Chiba University, Chiba-ken, Japan 260.
Percept Mot Skills. 1991 Dec;73(3 Pt 1):995-1003. doi: 10.2466/pms.1991.73.3.995.
As the perceived magnitude of a stimulus is related by power function t o the physical magnitude, the remembered visual areas and length are also related by power function to the actual areas and length. The main purpose of this study is to examine whether the power law is also applicable to remembered areas in natural environment, e.g., a school campus, and to its old memory. 31 junior high students and seven university undergraduates who graduated from the same junior high school seven years before were asked to draw a layout of the school campus. The areas of the school facilities and field, and other features of drawings such as the number of recalled facilities and objects, and direction of the sketch were assessed. Analysis showed that the areas remembered by the junior high subjects followed the power law while those remembered by the undergraduates did not. The divergence of exponents observed for undergraduates was accounted for by reconstruction by schema.
由于刺激的感知强度通过幂函数与物理强度相关，记忆中的视觉区域和长度也通过幂函数与实际区域和长度相关。本研究的主要目的是检验幂定律是否也适用于自然环境（如校园）中记忆的区域及其旧记忆。31名初中生和7名七年前从同一所初中毕业的大学生被要求绘制校园布局图。对学校设施和场地的面积，以及图纸的其他特征（如回忆起的设施和物体的数量以及草图的方向）进行了评估。分析表明，初中生记忆的区域遵循幂定律，而大学生记忆的区域则不然。大学生观察到的指数差异是由图式重建造成的。
