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一种桉属植物基于遗传的防御性化学物质在不同生命阶段的稳定性。

Stability of genetic-based defensive chemistry across life stages in a Eucalyptus species.

作者信息

O'Reilly-Wapstra Julianne M, Humphreys Jonathan R, Potts Brad M

机构信息

School of Plant Science and Cooperative Research Centre for Forestry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.

出版信息

J Chem Ecol. 2007 Oct;33(10):1876-84. doi: 10.1007/s10886-007-9366-2.

Abstract

Defensive chemistry is a key plant fitness trait, and the investigation of the expression of plant secondary metabolites across life stages is important in understanding the lifetime evolutionary selection pressures on a plant. The expression of genetic-based differences in foliar defensive chemistry, known to influence mammalian herbivore preferences, was studied across two contrasting life phases of the heteroblastic tree, Eucalyptus globulus. With plants from different subraces of E. globulus growing in a field trial, we compared the levels of seven chemical constituents in adult and juvenile foliage from related coppiced plants. Defensive chemistry was generally higher in more vulnerable coppice foliage than adult foliage. Significant, genetic-based differences among subraces were detected for two key defensive chemicals, a sideroxylonal and a macrocarpal, and these differences were stable across life phases. In contrast, significant differences among subraces in adult leaf condensed tannins were not evident in the coppice because of the absence of this group of tannins in this foliage. These findings lend support to hypotheses that suggest condensed tannins may have evolved for reasons other than mammalian herbivore defense.

摘要

防御性化学物质是植物的一项关键适合度性状,研究植物次生代谢产物在其整个生命周期中的表达情况,对于理解植物在其一生当中所面临的进化选择压力具有重要意义。我们对异态叶树木蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus)两个截然不同的生命阶段中基于遗传的叶片防御性化学物质差异表达进行了研究,已知这些差异会影响哺乳动物食草动物的偏好。在一项田间试验中,我们种植了来自蓝桉不同亚品种的植株,并比较了相关萌生植株成年叶和幼叶中七种化学成分的含量。防御性化学物质在更易受侵害的萌生叶中通常比在成年叶中含量更高。对于两种关键的防御性化学物质——一种铁氧化合物和一种大果木素,我们检测到了亚品种间基于遗传的显著差异,并且这些差异在不同生命阶段中保持稳定。相比之下,由于萌生叶中不存在这一组单宁,所以在萌生叶中未发现成年叶缩合单宁在亚品种间存在显著差异。这些发现为以下假说提供了支持,即缩合单宁的进化可能是出于除防御哺乳动物食草动物之外的其他原因。

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