Gosney Benjamin J, O Reilly-Wapstra Julianne M, Forster Lynne G, Barbour Robert C, Iason Glenn R, Potts Brad M
School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; National Center of Future Forest Industries (NCFFI), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
School of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
PLoS One. 2014 Dec 3;9(12):e114132. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114132. eCollection 2014.
Plant genetic and ontogenetic variation can significantly impact dependent fungal and arthropod communities. However, little is known of the relative importance of these extended genetic and ontogenetic effects within a species. Using a common garden trial, we compared the dependent arthropod and fungal community on 222 progeny from two highly differentiated populations of the endangered heteroblastic tree species, Eucalyptus morrisbyi. We assessed arthropod and fungal communities on both juvenile and adult foliage. The community variation was related to previous levels of marsupial browsing, as well as the variation in the physicochemical properties of leaves using near-infrared spectroscopy. We found highly significant differences in community composition, abundance and diversity parameters between eucalypt source populations in the common garden, and these were comparable to differences between the distinctive juvenile and adult foliage. The physicochemical properties assessed accounted for a significant percentage of the community variation but did not explain fully the community differences between populations and foliage types. Similarly, while differences in population susceptibility to a major marsupial herbivore may result in diffuse genetic effects on the dependent community, this still did not account for the large genetic-based differences in dependent communities between populations. Our results emphasize the importance of maintaining the populations of this rare species as separate management units, as not only are the populations highly genetically structured, this variation may alter the trajectory of biotic colonization of conservation plantings.
植物的遗传和个体发育变异会显著影响与之相关的真菌和节肢动物群落。然而，对于这些扩展的遗传和个体发育效应在一个物种内的相对重要性，我们却知之甚少。通过一项同园试验，我们比较了濒危异态树种莫里桉两个高度分化种群的222个后代上的相关节肢动物和真菌群落。我们评估了幼叶和成叶上的节肢动物和真菌群落。群落变异与之前有袋动物的啃食水平以及利用近红外光谱法测定的叶片理化性质变异有关。我们发现，同园内桉树种源种群之间在群落组成、丰度和多样性参数上存在极显著差异，这些差异与独特的幼叶和成叶之间的差异相当。所评估的理化性质占群落变异的很大比例，但并未完全解释种群和叶型之间的群落差异。同样，虽然种群对一种主要有袋食草动物的易感性差异可能会对相关群落产生扩散遗传效应，但这仍然无法解释种群之间相关群落基于遗传的巨大差异。我们的研究结果强调了将这种稀有物种的种群作为单独的管理单元加以保护的重要性，因为这些种群不仅具有高度的遗传结构，而且这种变异可能会改变保护种植中生物定殖的轨迹。
