Gross Renie, McCartney Melissa, Reader Al, Beck Mike
Section of Endodontics, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, 305 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
J Endod. 2007 Sep;33(9):1021-4. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2007.06.003.
The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of 1.8 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine and 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in maxillary lateral incisors and first molars. Sixty-five subjects randomly received, in a double-blind manner, two infiltrations at two separate appointments, in a crossover design. The injections consisted of maxillary lateral incisor and first molar infiltrations of 1.8 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine and 1.8 mL 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. In maxillary lateral incisors, bupivacaine exhibited a significantly lower anesthetic success rate (obtaining two consecutive 80 readings with the pulp tester within 10 minutes) of 78% when compared with a 97% success rate with lidocaine. In maxillary first molars, bupivacaine's onset of pulpal anesthesia (7.7 minutes) was significantly slower than lidocaine (4.3 minutes). Bupivacaine had a lower success rate than lidocaine (64% versus 82%) but there was no significant difference between the two solutions. Neither solution provided pulpal anesthesia for 1 hour.
这项前瞻性、随机、双盲研究的目的是评估1.8毫升含1:200,000肾上腺素的0.5%布比卡因和1.8毫升含1:100,000肾上腺素的2%利多卡因在上颌侧切牙和第一磨牙的麻醉效果。65名受试者以双盲方式在两次单独的就诊中随机接受两种浸润麻醉，采用交叉设计。注射药物包括上颌侧切牙和第一磨牙浸润麻醉，分别注射1.8毫升含1:200,000肾上腺素的0.5%布比卡因和1.8毫升含1:100,000肾上腺素的2%利多卡因。在上颌侧切牙中，与利多卡因97%的成功率相比，布比卡因的麻醉成功率（在10分钟内用牙髓活力测试仪连续两次读数达到80）显著较低，为78%。在上颌第一磨牙中，布比卡因的牙髓麻醉起效时间（7.7分钟）明显慢于利多卡因（4.3分钟）。布比卡因的成功率低于利多卡因（64%对82%），但两种溶液之间无显著差异。两种溶液均未提供1小时的牙髓麻醉。
