Taylor D M
AFRC & MRC Neurpathogenesis Unit, Institute for Animal Health, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Dev Biol Stand. 1991;75:97-102.
Although there are no data reported yet for inactivation of BSE agent it is reasonable in the interim, to draw upon existing data for other transmissible degenerative encephalopathies (TDE), much of which derives from experiments with the scrapie agent. Such studies suggest that no standard chemical or physical decontamination procedure will reliably inactivate the amount of scrapie/BSE infectivity present in worst-case situations but high concentrations of sodium hypochlorite or sodium hydroxide have been shown respectively to be completely effective or almost so. Regarding physical inactivation procedures, it is clear that some infectivity survives exposure to doses of UV and ionising radiations which represent "overkill" for conventional viruses. With dry heat, survival of infectivity is also remarkable, and it is only through autoclaving that apparently secure standards can be achieved for thermal inactivation; even so, autoclaving procedures need to be more rigorous than for conventional microorganisms, and can be compromised by prior chemical treatment of infected material.
虽然目前尚无关于灭活疯牛病病原体的数据报告，但在此期间，借鉴其他传染性退行性脑病（TDE）的现有数据是合理的，其中大部分数据来自于对羊瘙痒病病原体的实验。此类研究表明，没有任何标准的化学或物理去污程序能够可靠地灭活最坏情况下存在的羊瘙痒病/疯牛病感染性，但已分别证明高浓度的次氯酸钠或氢氧化钠是完全有效的或几乎完全有效。关于物理灭活程序，很明显，一些感染性在暴露于对传统病毒而言属于“过度杀灭”剂量的紫外线和电离辐射后仍能存活。对于干热，感染性的存活也很显著，只有通过高压灭菌才能实现明显可靠的热灭活标准；即便如此，高压灭菌程序需要比处理传统微生物时更加严格，并且可能会因对感染材料进行预先化学处理而受到影响。
