Tyler R S
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City.
Ear Hear. 1991 Dec;12(6 Suppl):177S-186S. doi: 10.1097/00003446-199112001-00011.
Cochlear implants have changed the rehabilitation of profoundly hearing-impaired patients. A wide range of performance is reported for postlingually deaf adult patients using multichannel (Nucleus and Inerad) cochlear implants. For the 63 patients described here, performance ranges from 0 to 62% correct word recognition, from 0 to 98% lipreading enhancement measured as a percentage of the possible enhancement, and from 0 to 98% on understanding words in sentences. Prelingually deaf children also show benefit from their cochlear implants, but they require more time to obtain benefit than postlingually deaf children and adults. Experience with cochlear implants has suggested a few observations that could be useful to hearing aid development, including: (1) field trials are essential; (2) signal processing should preserve and enhance frequency resolution; (3) the fitting process for a sophisticated hearing aid may require several days to adjust properly; (4) fitting algorithms should focus on individuals rather than averages; (5) patients will wear a larger device if their handicap is great enough and if the improvement is sufficient; and (6) patients should and will accept expensive hearing aids.
人工耳蜗改变了极重度听力障碍患者的康复状况。据报道，使用多通道（Nucleus和Inerad）人工耳蜗的语后聋成年患者有广泛的表现。对于这里描述的63名患者，其表现范围为：正确单词识别率从0%到62%，唇读增强率（以可能增强的百分比衡量）从0%到98%，句子中单词理解率从0%到98%。语前聋儿童也从人工耳蜗中受益，但他们比语后聋儿童和成人需要更多时间才能获得益处。人工耳蜗的使用经验提出了一些对助听器研发可能有用的观察结果，包括：（1）现场试验至关重要；（2）信号处理应保留并增强频率分辨率；（3）复杂助听器的调试过程可能需要几天时间才能正确调整；（4）调试算法应关注个体而非平均值；（5）如果患者的听力障碍足够严重且改善足够大，他们会佩戴更大的设备；（6）患者应该并且会接受昂贵的助听器。
