Hamlyn-Wright Sarah, Draghi-Lorenz Riccardo, Ellis Jason
University of Surrey, UK.
Autism. 2007 Nov;11(6):489-501. doi: 10.1177/1362361307083258.
Stress, anxiety and depression are raised amongst parents of children with a developmental disorder. However, the processes by which stress leads to depression and anxiety are poorly understood. In a cross-sectional survey, levels of parental stress, depression and anxiety were compared between parents of children with an autistic disorder, children with Down's syndrome and children with no disorder (N = 619) and the mediational role of locus of control was examined. Anxiety and depression were higher in parents of children with a disorder, and highest in parents of children with autism. Locus of control was more external in parents of children with autism. Locus of control failed to mediate the relationship between stress and both anxiety and depression in parents of children with a disorder. This suggests that help for parents of a child with a disorder may be effective if focused on the sources of stress rather than perceived control over events.
发育障碍儿童的父母中，压力、焦虑和抑郁水平有所升高。然而，压力导致抑郁和焦虑的过程却鲜为人知。在一项横断面调查中，比较了自闭症谱系障碍儿童、唐氏综合征儿童和无发育障碍儿童的父母（N = 619）的父母压力、抑郁和焦虑水平，并考察了控制点的中介作用。有发育障碍儿童的父母中，焦虑和抑郁水平更高，其中自闭症儿童的父母中焦虑和抑郁水平最高。自闭症儿童的父母的控制点更偏向外部。控制点未能在有发育障碍儿童的父母的压力与焦虑和抑郁之间起到中介作用。这表明，针对有发育障碍儿童的父母提供帮助时，若聚焦于压力源而非对事件的感知控制，可能会更有效。
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