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精神病学的新哲学有多新?

How new is the new philosophy of psychiatry?

作者信息

Denys Damiaan

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, AMC, University of Amsterdam, PA,2-179, PO Box 75867, 1070 AW Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 2007 Oct 20;2:22. doi: 10.1186/1747-5341-2-22.

Abstract

In their recent paper, Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton evaluate seven volumes of the Oxford University Press series "International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry," an international book series begun in 2003 focusing on the emerging interdisciplinary field at the interface of philosophy and psychiatry. According to Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton, the series represents a clear indication that the interdisciplinary field of philosophy of psychiatry has been flourishing lately. Philosophers and psychiatrists face a "new philosophy of psychiatry". However, the optimism which the "new" philosophy of psychiatry celebrates is precisely the exiling of philosophy from the foundations of psychiatry. The 150 year old belief that psychopathology cannot do without philosophical reflection has virtually disappeared from common psychiatric education and daily clinical practice. Though the discipline of psychiatry is particularly suited to contributions from philosophy, the impact of philosophy on psychiatry nowadays remains limited. With some exceptions, philosophical papers are embedded in a philosophical context inscrutable to ordinary psychiatrists. Much current philosophical work is perceived by psychiatrists as negativistic. I would encourage the field of psychiatry to incorporate once again basic philosophical attitudes which render possible true dialogue with philosophy and enrich both disciplines. The views developed here should not discredit the value and importance of Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton's paper and the excellent series "International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry." As Jaspers said "Everybody inclined to disregard philosophy will be overwhelmed by philosophy in an unperceived way".

摘要

在他们最近的论文中,娜塔莉·班纳和蒂姆·桑顿对牛津大学出版社的《哲学与精神病学的国际视角》系列丛书的七卷进行了评估。该国际丛书始于2003年,聚焦于哲学与精神病学交叉的新兴跨学科领域。据娜塔莉·班纳和蒂姆·桑顿所言,该系列清楚地表明,精神病学哲学这一跨学科领域近来一直在蓬勃发展。哲学家和精神病学家面临着一种“新的精神病学哲学”。然而,这种“新”的精神病学哲学所宣扬的乐观情绪恰恰是将哲学从精神病学的基础中驱逐出去。有150年历史的那种认为精神病理学离不开哲学思考的信念,在普通的精神病学教育和日常临床实践中实际上已经消失了。尽管精神病学学科特别适合哲学的贡献,但如今哲学对精神病学的影响仍然有限。除了一些例外情况,哲学论文往往置身于普通精神病学家难以理解的哲学语境之中。当前许多哲学工作被精神病学家视为消极否定的。我鼓励精神病学领域再次纳入那些能与哲学展开真正对话并丰富这两个学科的基本哲学态度。这里所阐述的观点不应贬低娜塔莉·班纳和蒂姆·桑顿的论文以及优秀的《哲学与精神病学的国际视角》系列丛书的价值和重要性。正如雅斯贝尔斯所说:“每个倾向于忽视哲学的人都会以一种未被察觉的方式被哲学所征服。”

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