Rovaletti María L
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires.
Vertex. 2018 Sep;XXIX(141):349-360.
The terms "Psycho-logy", "Psycho-patho-logy", "Psychiatry" speaks us, considering Greek etymology, about the Platonic Dualism that distinguishes a rational psyche opposed to a body-jail - tomb of the soul, where a "logic of the separation" will become a "logic of the disjunction", where the "world of ideas" represents the reason while "sensible world" translates the deviation, the madness. Through various oppositions, it shows the need for a globalizing environment that allows joining the social and/or human sciences with the biological sciences. Exactly, the clinical Anthropology constitutes a new disciplinary space that analyzes forms of subjectivation and of the suffering human, in their plurality of dimensions and "directions of sense". It is not deal with a sub-discipline of Anthropology, or Medicine. Although it is initially rooted in Philosophy, Anthropology and phenomenological Psychopathology, and is close to a Philosophy of Psychiatry or an Epistemology of Psychiatry, or a reflexive and philosophical Psychopathology, its prospects are larger up to constitute an own interdisciplinary field.
“心理学”“精神病理学”“精神病学”这些术语,从希腊语词源来看,向我们讲述了柏拉图式的二元论,这种二元论区分了与作为灵魂的牢笼——坟墓的身体相对立的理性灵魂,在这里,“分离的逻辑”将变成“析取的逻辑”,其中“理念世界”代表理性,而“感性世界”则意味着偏差、疯狂。通过各种对立,它表明需要一个全球化的环境,以便将社会科学和/或人文科学与生物科学结合起来。确切地说,临床人类学构成了一个新的学科空间,它从多个维度和“意义方向”分析主体化形式和人类的痛苦。它既不是人类学的一个子学科,也不是医学的子学科。尽管它最初扎根于哲学、人类学和现象学精神病理学,并且与精神病学哲学、精神病学认识论或反思性哲学精神病理学相近,但其前景更为广阔,直至构成一个自身的跨学科领域。