Menti Ekaterini, Lekka Nikoletta P, Assimakopoulos Konstantinos, Varvarigou Anastasia, Beratis Nicholas G, Beratis Stavroula
Department of Psychiatry, University of Patras Medical School, 26504 Rion, Patras, Greece.
Compr Psychiatry. 2007 Nov-Dec;48(6):522-8. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.06.001. Epub 2007 Aug 20.
Comorbidity of suicidal behavior with various risk factors has been reported. This study examines the combined effect and the interactions of the most prominent risk factors in hospitalized suicide attempters.
Seventy-six successive hospitalized suicide attempters and 76 matched control subjects, 9 to 20 years old, were subjected to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Axis I and Axis II diagnoses and were interviewed for the use of licit and illicit substances. Also, 18 control subjects with the same psychiatric disorders diagnosed in the attempters were examined. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the independent effect of the risk factors to suicide attempts.
The findings showed an 18-fold greater frequency of psychiatric disorders, a 14-fold greater frequency of other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention (mainly relational problems), a 9.7-fold greater frequency of smoking, and a 4.7-fold greater frequency of psychosocial and environmental problems in the attempters than in the control subjects. The independent association of these factors with increased suicide risk persisted after adjusting for the effect of other factors.
Psychopathologic behavior, psychosocial factors, and smoking are independently associated with increased risk for serious suicide attempts.
已有报道称自杀行为与多种风险因素并存。本研究探讨了住院自杀未遂者中最主要风险因素的综合效应及相互作用。
选取76例连续入院的自杀未遂者和76例匹配的对照者，年龄在9至20岁之间，依据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版进行轴I和轴II诊断，并就合法及非法物质的使用情况进行访谈。此外，对18例被诊断患有与自杀未遂者相同精神疾病的对照者进行检查。应用逻辑回归分析来确定风险因素对自杀未遂的独立影响。
研究结果显示，自杀未遂者中精神疾病的发生率比对照者高18倍，其他可能成为临床关注焦点的状况（主要是人际关系问题）的发生率高14倍，吸烟的发生率高9.7倍，心理社会和环境问题的发生率高4.7倍。在对其他因素的影响进行校正后，这些因素与自杀风险增加之间的独立关联依然存在。
精神病理行为、心理社会因素和吸烟与严重自杀未遂风险增加独立相关。
