Allen Priscilla D, Nelson H Wayne, Netting F Ellen
LSU Life Course and Aging Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
Soc Work Health Care. 2007;45(4):1-22. doi: 10.1300/J010v45n04_01.
Despite a nearly 20-year-old legislation to strengthen social work (SW) coverage within nursing homes and decades of literature exploring the need for SW training, untrained and undertrained social workers dominate American nursing homes. Many persons who call themselves social workers are not educated as such, but nevertheless, must work in complex, conflict-ridden nursing homes without assessment and advocacy skills essential to address the symptoms and to fully respond to subjugated residents' needs. The call for more qualified social workers to be employed in nursing homes is a recognition that the residents' psychosocial needs are not being met. We examine how inconsistent national requirements, inadequate professional educational preparation, and work overload are all symptoms of a general societal unwillingness to recognize residents' needs. The authors utilize a morphogenic systems perspective to describe the open interaction between all disciplines, which can be unduly strained without properly trained workers. The social work literature is reviewed with a renewed interest in addressing the problem profession-wide.
尽管有一项近20年历史的旨在加强养老院社会工作（SW）覆盖范围的立法，以及数十年来探讨社会工作培训需求的文献，但未经培训和培训不足的社会工作者在美国养老院中占主导地位。许多自称社会工作者的人并未接受过相关教育，但尽管如此，他们仍必须在复杂且充满冲突的养老院工作，却没有应对症状和充分满足受压迫居民需求所必需的评估和倡导技能。呼吁在养老院雇用更多合格的社会工作者，这表明人们认识到居民的心理社会需求未得到满足。我们研究了国家要求不一致、专业教育准备不足和工作负担过重如何都是社会普遍不愿承认居民需求的表现。作者运用形态发生系统视角来描述所有学科之间的开放互动，如果没有经过适当培训的工作人员，这种互动可能会过度紧张。我们重新审视社会工作文献，以重新关注解决整个行业的这一问题。
