He Zhonghu, Ji Chengye
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Trop Med Int Health. 2007 Oct;12(10):1180-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01900.x.
To assess the influence of orphanhood due to AIDS on children's nutritional status, psychological well-being and life quality, and to explore appropriate intervention strategies in China.
In 2005, 186 children aged 8-15 years (93 AIDS orphans and 93 non-orphans) from a rural area of Henan Province were surveyed in a cross-sectional and matched pairs study on nutritional status, psychological health and life quality.
We found no compelling evidence for poorer nutritional status in orphans. The nutritional status of both orphans and non-orphans was extremely poor according to the prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting and anaemia. Depression, low self-esteem and lower quality of life were more frequent in orphans. These differences mainly existed in boys' groups. No significant differences were found between paternal, maternal and double orphans, or orphans in orphanages or extended families. Regression analysis revealed that orphanhood leads to low self-esteem and more depression which contributes to lower quality of life and mediates the association between orphanhood and quality of life.
The high prevalence of poor nutritional status indicates that basic material needs of children, including AIDS orphans, are not met in rural China. Psychological problems were prominent among orphans and had become the most important contributor of lower life quality. Boys were at least as vulnerable as girls. The living conditions of all children in rural China must be improved; school-based care and support are crucial and would be a cost-effective way to improve the overall life quality of AIDS orphans.
评估因艾滋病导致的孤儿身份对儿童营养状况、心理健康和生活质量的影响，并探索在中国的适当干预策略。
2005年，在河南省农村地区对186名8至15岁儿童（93名艾滋病孤儿和93名非孤儿）进行了一项关于营养状况、心理健康和生活质量的横断面配对研究调查。
我们没有发现令人信服的证据表明孤儿的营养状况更差。根据发育迟缓、体重不足、消瘦和贫血的患病率，孤儿和非孤儿的营养状况都极其糟糕。孤儿中抑郁、自卑和生活质量较低的情况更为常见。这些差异主要存在于男孩组中。在父系孤儿、母系孤儿和双亲孤儿之间，或在孤儿院或大家庭中的孤儿之间，未发现显著差异。回归分析显示，孤儿身份会导致自卑和更多的抑郁，这会导致生活质量下降，并介导孤儿身份与生活质量之间的关联。
营养状况不佳的高患病率表明，在中国农村，包括艾滋病孤儿在内的儿童的基本物质需求未得到满足。心理问题在孤儿中很突出，并且已成为生活质量较低的最重要因素。男孩至少和女孩一样脆弱。中国农村所有儿童的生活条件都必须得到改善；基于学校的关爱和支持至关重要，并且将是提高艾滋病孤儿总体生活质量的一种具有成本效益的方式。
