Sartori Alessandro A, Lukas Claudia, Coates Julia, Mistrik Martin, Fu Shuang, Bartek Jiri, Baer Richard, Lukas Jiri, Jackson Stephen P
The Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, and Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK.
Nature. 2007 Nov 22;450(7169):509-14. doi: 10.1038/nature06337. Epub 2007 Oct 28.
In the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are processed into single-stranded DNA, triggering ATR-dependent checkpoint signalling and DSB repair by homologous recombination. Previous work has implicated the MRE11 complex in such DSB-processing events. Here, we show that the human CtIP (RBBP8) protein confers resistance to DSB-inducing agents and is recruited to DSBs exclusively in the S and G2 cell-cycle phases. Moreover, we reveal that CtIP is required for DSB resection, and thereby for recruitment of replication protein A (RPA) and the protein kinase ATR to DSBs, and for the ensuing ATR activation. Furthermore, we establish that CtIP physically and functionally interacts with the MRE11 complex, and that both CtIP and MRE11 are required for efficient homologous recombination. Finally, we reveal that CtIP has sequence homology with Sae2, which is involved in MRE11-dependent DSB processing in yeast. These findings establish evolutionarily conserved roles for CtIP-like proteins in controlling DSB resection, checkpoint signalling and homologous recombination.
在细胞周期的S期和G2期,DNA双链断裂(DSB)被加工成单链DNA,触发依赖ATR的检查点信号传导以及通过同源重组进行的DSB修复。先前的研究表明MRE11复合物参与此类DSB加工事件。在此,我们表明人类CtIP(RBBP8)蛋白赋予细胞对DSB诱导剂的抗性,并且仅在S期和G2期细胞周期阶段被招募到DSB处。此外,我们发现CtIP是DSB切除所必需的,因此也是复制蛋白A(RPA)和蛋白激酶ATR招募到DSB处以及随后的ATR激活所必需的。此外,我们证实CtIP在物理和功能上与MRE11复合物相互作用,并且CtIP和MRE11都是高效同源重组所必需的。最后,我们发现CtIP与Sae2具有序列同源性,Sae2参与酵母中依赖MRE11的DSB加工。这些发现确立了CtIP样蛋白在控制DSB切除、检查点信号传导和同源重组方面的进化保守作用。
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