Dunlop D J, Steward W P
Department of Medical Oncology, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK.
Anticancer Drugs. 1991 Aug;2(4):327-37. doi: 10.1097/00001813-199108000-00001.
Recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) was one of the first of the myeloid growth factors to become available for clinical trials. Phase I studies have demonstrated that the optimal administration is by continuous intravenous infusion or subcutaneous injections at doses of 4-5 micrograms/kg/day. Phase II trials in patients with a variety of malignancies who receive rhGM-CSF after standard doses of chemotherapy have demonstrated significant reductions of the duration of leucocytopenia. Use of rhGM-CSF after high-dose chemotherapy (with or without bone marrow rescue) suggest that this agent decreases the time to recovery of a normal blood count and reduces infective complications. Results in myelodysplasia and aplastic anemia have been less encouraging. The potential value of rhGM-CSF in the treatment of a variety of other conditions including AIDS and the leukemias is being tested and the early results are discussed.
重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（rhGM-CSF）是最早可用于临床试验的髓系生长因子之一。I期研究表明，最佳给药方式是持续静脉输注或皮下注射，剂量为4-5微克/千克/天。对接受标准剂量化疗后使用rhGM-CSF的多种恶性肿瘤患者进行的II期试验表明，白细胞减少症的持续时间显著缩短。在大剂量化疗后（无论有无骨髓救援）使用rhGM-CSF表明，该药物可缩短恢复正常血细胞计数的时间，并减少感染并发症。在骨髓发育异常和再生障碍性贫血方面的结果不太理想。rhGM-CSF在治疗包括艾滋病和白血病在内的多种其他疾病中的潜在价值正在进行测试，并对早期结果进行了讨论。
