Spence Jason R, Wells James M
Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati Ohio 45229-3039, USA.
Dev Dyn. 2007 Dec;236(12):3218-27. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.21366.
Diseases that affect endodermally derived organs such as the lungs, liver, and pancreas include cystic fibrosis, chronic hepatitis, and diabetes, respectively. Despite the prevalence of these diseases, cures remain elusive. While several promising transplantation-based therapies exist for some diseases such as Type 1 diabetes, they are currently limited by the availability of donor-derived tissues. Embryonic stem cells are a promising and renewable source of tissue for transplantation; however, directing their differentiation into specific, adult cell lineages remains a significant challenge. In this review, we will focus on one endodermally derived organ, the pancreas, and discuss how studies of embryonic pancreas development have been used as the basis for the directed, step-wise differentiation of mouse and human embryonic stem cells into pancreatic endocrine cells that are capable of rescuing Type 1 diabetes in animal models.
影响内胚层衍生器官（如肺、肝脏和胰腺）的疾病分别包括囊性纤维化、慢性肝炎和糖尿病。尽管这些疾病普遍存在，但治愈方法仍然难以捉摸。虽然对于某些疾病（如1型糖尿病）存在几种有前景的基于移植的疗法，但目前它们受到供体来源组织可用性的限制。胚胎干细胞是一种有前景且可再生的移植组织来源；然而，将它们定向分化为特定的成体细胞谱系仍然是一项重大挑战。在本综述中，我们将聚焦于一种内胚层衍生器官——胰腺，并讨论胚胎胰腺发育的研究如何被用作将小鼠和人类胚胎干细胞定向、逐步分化为能够在动物模型中挽救1型糖尿病的胰腺内分泌细胞的基础。
