Radulović S, Vuletić L, Jelić S, Kazić T
Srp Arh Celok Lek. 1995 Jan-Feb;123(1-2):25-9.
Pain is the most frequent cause of suffering of cancer patients. Recent improvements in pharmacotherapy of cancer pain have made management successful in the majority of patients. Optimal pharmacotherapy program requires careful assessment of the origin and cause of pain. The choice of analgetics should be sequentional using WHO stepladder. Oral application by the clock in an individually titrated dosage is recommended. Morphine remains the most useful opioid. Some drugs without being classic analgetics contribute considerably to the treatment of cancer pain of specific origin. Membrane-stabilisers, antidepressants and steroids are effective in the treatment of neurogenic pain. Anxiolytics should be avoided bacause they cause sedation without improving the quality of analgesia. Finally, it is necessary to treat the side effects of analgetics.
疼痛是癌症患者痛苦的最常见原因。近期癌症疼痛药物治疗的进展已使大多数患者的疼痛管理取得成功。最佳药物治疗方案需要仔细评估疼痛的来源和原因。应按照世界卫生组织的阶梯疗法依次选择镇痛药。建议按时口服，采用个体化滴定剂量。吗啡仍然是最有用的阿片类药物。一些并非传统镇痛药的药物对特定来源的癌症疼痛治疗有很大帮助。膜稳定剂、抗抑郁药和类固醇对神经源性疼痛有效。应避免使用抗焦虑药，因为它们会引起镇静作用而不改善镇痛质量。最后，有必要治疗镇痛药的副作用。
