Bliss Sandra J, O'Brien Katherine L, Janoff Edward N, Cotton Mark F, Musoke Philippa, Coovadia Hoosen, Levine Orin S
Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2008 Jan;8(1):67-80. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70242-6. Epub 2007 Oct 31.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are a potentially useful complement to existing treatment strategies in HIV-infected children, for whom pneumococcal infections are common and serious. This Review summarises available data on the burden of pneumococcal disease and the safety and efficacy of PCVs in HIV-infected children. The data demonstrate that children with HIV have significantly increased risk of pneumococcal disease compared with uninfected children; the serotypes included in currently licensed or near-licensure conjugate vaccines include most serotypes that cause invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in HIV-infected children and adults; PCVs provide substantial protection against IPD and clinical pneumonia when given to HIV-infected infants; and HIV-infected adults gain an indirect benefit when children in the community are vaccinated. PCV should be considered as an important intervention for improving the lives of HIV-infected children.
肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV）对于感染艾滋病毒的儿童而言，可能是现有治疗策略的一种有益补充，因为肺炎球菌感染在这些儿童中很常见且严重。本综述总结了关于肺炎球菌疾病负担以及PCV在感染艾滋病毒儿童中的安全性和有效性的现有数据。数据表明，与未感染儿童相比，感染艾滋病毒的儿童患肺炎球菌疾病的风险显著增加；目前已获许可或接近获许可的结合疫苗所包含的血清型涵盖了在感染艾滋病毒的儿童和成人中引起侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病（IPD）的大多数血清型；给感染艾滋病毒的婴儿接种PCV可提供针对IPD和临床肺炎的实质性保护；当社区中的儿童接种疫苗时，感染艾滋病毒的成人也能获得间接益处。应将PCV视为改善感染艾滋病毒儿童生活的一项重要干预措施。
