Gautier Geoffroy, Thouvarecq Régis, Vuillerme Nicolas
Centre d'étude des transformations des activités physiques et sportives, EA3832, Bd Siegfried--Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Rouen, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France.
Gait Posture. 2008 Jul;28(1):46-51. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2007.09.007. Epub 2007 Oct 31.
The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate how postural adaptations to the perceptive configuration are modified by specific gymnastics experience. Two groups, one expert in gymnastics and the other non-expert, had to maintain the erected posture while optical flow was imposed as follows: 20s motionless, 30s approaching motion, and 20s motionless. The centre of pressure and head displacements were analysed. The postural adaptations were characterised by the variability of movements for the flow conditions and by the postural latencies for the flow transitions. The results showed that the gymnasts tended to minimise their body movements and were more stationary (head) but not more stable (COP) than the non-gymnasts. These results suggest that gymnastics experience develops a specific postural adaptability relative to the perceptive configuration. We conclude that a specific postural experience could be considered as an intrinsic constraint, which leads to modification in the patterns of functional adaptation in the perceptive motor space.
本实验的目的是研究特定的体操经验如何改变对感知构型的姿势适应。两组人员，一组是体操专家，另一组是非专家，在施加如下光流的情况下必须保持直立姿势：20秒静止、30秒接近运动、20秒静止。分析了压力中心和头部位移。姿势适应的特征在于流动条件下运动的变异性以及流动转换时的姿势潜伏期。结果表明，与非体操运动员相比，体操运动员倾向于将身体运动降至最低，头部更稳定，但压力中心（COP）并非更稳定。这些结果表明，体操经验相对于感知构型发展出了特定的姿势适应性。我们得出结论，特定的姿势经验可被视为一种内在约束，它会导致感知运动空间中功能适应模式的改变。
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