Chuard Christian
Clinique de médecine et Unité de prévention et contrôle de l'infection, Hôpital fribourgeois, 1708 Fribourg.
Rev Med Suisse. 2007 Oct 10;3(128):2266, 2268-70, 2272.
Head pediculosis is a benign and common disease, particularly in children. It is usually asymptomatic and a definite diagnosis is not always easy. When a case is discovered, overdiagnosis and unwarranted therapies may be a consequence of patient follow-up and contact investigation. As a general rule, topical pediculicides--mainly permethrin and malathion--give good results despite the emergence of resistance in some countries. Pediculosis of the body affects populations with very poor sanitation conditions; simple hygiene measures are the cornerstone of therapy. Phtirius pubis is sexually transmitted, easily diagnosed and treated with topical pediculicides.
头虱病是一种良性常见疾病，在儿童中尤为常见。它通常无症状，明确诊断并不总是容易。当发现病例时，过度诊断和不必要的治疗可能是患者随访和接触者调查的结果。一般来说，尽管在一些国家出现了耐药性，但局部用杀虱剂——主要是氯菊酯和马拉硫磷——效果良好。体虱病影响卫生条件极差的人群；简单的卫生措施是治疗的基石。阴虱病是性传播的，易于诊断，可用局部用杀虱剂治疗。
