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硒代谢过程中中间产物硒化物和甲基硒醇的甲基化与去甲基化

Methylation and demethylation of intermediates selenide and methylselenol in the metabolism of selenium.

作者信息

Ohta Yuki, Suzuki Kazuo T

机构信息

Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.

出版信息

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Jan 15;226(2):169-77. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.09.011. Epub 2007 Sep 20.

Abstract

All nutritional selenium sources are transformed into the assumed common intermediate selenide for the syntheses of selenoproteins for utilization and/or of selenosugar for excretion. Methylselenol [monomethylselenide, MMSe] is the assumed intermediate leading to other methylated metabolites, dimethylselenide (DMSe) and trimethylselenonium (TMSe) for excretion, and also to the intermediate selenide from methylselenocysteine and methylseleninic acid (MSA). Here, related methylation and demethylation reactions were studied in vitro by providing chemically reactive starting substrates (76Se-selenide, 77Se-MMSe and 82Se-DMSe) which were prepared in situ by the reduction of the corresponding labeled proximate precursors (76Se-selenite, 77Se-MSA and 82Se-dimethylselenoxide (DMSeO), respectively) with glutathione, the three substrates being incubated simultaneously in rat organ supernatants and homogenates. The resulting chemically labile reaction products were detected simultaneously by speciation analysis with HPLC-ICP-MS after converting the products and un-reacted substrates to the corresponding oxidized derivatives (selenite, MSA and DMSeO). The time-related changes in selenium isotope profiles showed that demethylation of MMSe to selenide was efficient but that of DMSe to MMSe was negligible, whereas methylation of selenide to MMSe, and MMSe to DMSe were efficient, and that of DMSe to TMSe occurred less efficiently. The present methylation and demethylation reactions on equilibrium between selenide, MMSe and DMSe without producing selenosugar and selenoproteins indicated that DMSe rather than TMSe is produced as the end product, suggesting that DMSe is to be excreted more abundantly than TMSe. Organ-dependent differences in the methylation and demethylation reactions were characterized for the liver, kidney and lung.

摘要

所有营养性硒源都会转化为假定的常见中间产物硒化物,用于合成供利用的硒蛋白和/或用于排泄的硒糖。甲基硒醇[一甲基硒化物,MMSe]是假定的中间产物,可生成其他甲基化代谢产物、用于排泄的二甲基硒化物(DMSe)和三甲基硒鎓(TMSe),还可生成甲基硒代半胱氨酸和甲基亚硒酸(MSA)的中间产物硒化物。在此,通过提供化学反应性起始底物(76Se-硒化物、77Se-MMSe和82Se-DMSe)在体外研究相关的甲基化和去甲基化反应,这些底物是通过用谷胱甘肽分别还原相应的标记近端前体(76Se-亚硒酸盐、77Se-MSA和82Se-二甲基亚硒氧化物(DMSeO))原位制备的,这三种底物在大鼠器官上清液和匀浆中同时孵育。在将产物和未反应的底物转化为相应的氧化衍生物(亚硒酸盐、MSA和DMSeO)后,通过HPLC-ICP-MS进行形态分析同时检测产生的化学不稳定反应产物。硒同位素分布随时间的变化表明,MMSe去甲基化为硒化物是有效的,但DMSe去甲基化为MMSe的作用可忽略不计,而硒化物甲基化为MMSe以及MMSe甲基化为DMSe是有效的,DMSe甲基化为TMSe的效率较低。目前在硒化物、MMSe和DMSe之间平衡的甲基化和去甲基化反应,且不产生硒糖和硒蛋白,表明作为终产物产生的是DMSe而非TMSe,这表明DMSe比TMSe更大量地被排泄。对肝脏、肾脏和肺的甲基化和去甲基化反应的器官依赖性差异进行了表征。

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