Wild-Wall Nele, Dimigen Olaf, Sommer Werner
Department of Psychology, Humboldt-University at Berlin, Germany.
Biol Psychol. 2008 Feb;77(2):138-49. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.10.001. Epub 2007 Oct 5.
There is mounting evidence that under some conditions the processing of facial identity and facial emotional expressions may not be independent; however, the nature of this interaction remains to be established. By using event-related brain potentials (ERP) we attempted to localize these interactions within the information processing system. During an expression discrimination task (Experiment 1) categorization was faster for portraits of personally familiar vs. unfamiliar persons displaying happiness. The peak latency of the P300 (trend) and the onset of the stimulus-locked LRP were shorter for familiar than unfamiliar faces. This implies a late perceptual but pre-motoric locus of the facilitating effect of familiarity on expression categorization. In Experiment 2 participants performed familiarity decisions about portraits expressing different emotions. Results revealed an advantage of happiness over disgust specifically for familiar faces. The facilitation was localized in the response selection stage as suggested by a shorter onset of the LRP. Both experiments indicate that familiarity and facial expression may not be independent processes. However, depending on the kind of decision different processing stages may be facilitated for happy familiar faces.
越来越多的证据表明，在某些情况下，面部身份识别和面部表情处理可能并非相互独立；然而，这种相互作用的本质仍有待确定。通过使用事件相关脑电位（ERP），我们试图在信息处理系统中定位这些相互作用。在一个表情辨别任务中（实验1），对于展示快乐表情的个人熟悉与不熟悉的人物肖像，分类速度更快。对于熟悉的面孔，P300（趋势）的峰值潜伏期和刺激锁定的LRP的起始时间比不熟悉的面孔更短。这意味着熟悉度对表情分类的促进作用在知觉后期但运动前期阶段。在实验2中，参与者对表达不同情绪的肖像进行熟悉度判断。结果显示，特别是对于熟悉的面孔，快乐表情相对于厌恶表情具有优势。如LRP起始时间较短所表明的，这种促进作用定位于反应选择阶段。两个实验都表明，熟悉度和面部表情可能不是独立的过程。然而，根据决策类型的不同，快乐的熟悉面孔可能会在不同的处理阶段得到促进。
